关键词: 种子油, 根皂苷, 理化性质, 灭杀活性, 垂序商陆

Abstract: Microwave assisted extraction process of seed oil and root saponin of Phytolacca americana, the physicochemical properties of seed oil and insecticidal activity of root saponin were investigated in the present study for a better development and utilization of P.americana. Results showed that,(1) the optimal microwave assisted extraction process of seed oil were solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 (g/mL),microwave time of 70 min,microwave power of 300 W,microwave temperature of 50 ℃,the maximum extraction rate of seed oil was 26.8% under the optimal conditions.(2) the optimal extraction process of root saponin were solid-liquid ratio of 1:25 (g/mL),microwave time of 80 min,microwave power of 500 W,microwave temperature of 70 ℃,the maximum extraction rate reached 26.8%.(3)physicochemical properties including density,dioptre,iodine value,acid value,peroxide value,saponification value were 0.887 g/mL、1.542 n^D₂₀、138.6 g I2 /100 g、0.89 mg KOH/g、28.25 meq/kg与185.7 mg KOH/g,respectively.(4) root saponins had an obvious insecticidal activity to the tested pests of Plutella xylostella, the mortality rate increased with the extension of treating time and reached to 84.4% in the fourth day.The results indicated that,seed oil and root saponins of P.americana can be extracted efficiently by microwave assisting,they have a great development potential in the field of grain and oil security and biological pesticide.

Key words: seed oil, root saponin, physicochemical property, insecticidal activity, Phytolacca americana