To explore the distribution of five chemical forms of 16 inorganic elements in the rhizosphere soils of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis in wild and cultivated areas and their correlation with the quality of medicinal materials,so as to provide a reference for the scientific planting of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and the development and utilization of its medicinal efficacy.Five elements were extracted by BCR sequential extraction method,determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,and analyzed by SPSS software.The 16 kinds of inorganic elements in the rhizosphere soil of wild and cultivated samples in P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were mainly residues,and the content of wild samples and cultivated samples was significantly different,and the cultivated samples were higher than those of wild samples.The content of the same element in different forms is also different,the content of Ca and Mg elements in water-soluble and exchange states is significantly higher than that of other elements,the content of P and Mo elements is lower.The content of Ca,Mg,Fe and Al in organic and iron-manganese oxidation states were significantly higher,but Na element were not detected.Correlation analysis showed that the accumulation of polyphyllin in P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis showed a significant negative correlation with P and K elements in rhizosphere soil,and Ba,Al,Fe,Se elements were positively correlated with polyphyllin.To sum up，Most of the inorganic elements in the rhizosphere soil of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis exist in the form of residues,and the presence of P and K elements inhibits the accumulation of polyphyllin to a certain extent,Fe,Al,Se,Ba and other elements promote the accumulation of polyphyllin.