Rhododendron molle G.Don is a traditional Chinese medicinal material,which has important economic and medicinal value.In this paper,the roots,stems,leaves and flowers of wild R.molle were used as materials to extract the active ingredients,and analyze their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities in vitro.The results showed that the antimicrobial activity of ethanol extracts from different medicinal part was higher than that of water extracts,and the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of leaf extracts were stronger than those of other tissues at the same concentration.Subsequently,petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and n-butanol were used to further extract the ethanol extracts from the leaves of R. molle to obtain three different polar parts,analyze their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities in vitro,respectively.Different polar parts showed notable antioxidant capacity to DPPH and ABTS.And the polar parts from ethyl acetate showed the strongest antioxidant capacity.When the concentration of ethyl acetate part was 25 μg/mL,the scavenging rate of DPPH free radical was 93.65%,and the IC₅₀ of DPPH free radical was the smallest (6.25 g/mL),which was better than that of control group Vc.The antimicrobial experiment also showed that the polar part of ethyl acetate had the strongest antimicrobial effect.The inhibition zone of 0.25 g/mL ethyl acetate part was to 15.44 mm for Staphylococcus aureus.This research provides a scientific basis for further exploring the medicinal value of R. molle.