By comparing the chemical constituents of volatile oils obtained from the stem and leaf parts of Schefflera arboricolaHagata,it provides an experimental basis for the medicinal substance basis of the stem and leaf of S. arboricola.The steam oil distillation method was used to extract the volatile oil from stems and leaves of S. arboricola and a GC-MS method was used to analyze and identify its chemical composition.The relative content of each component in the constituents was obtained using peak area normalization method,and the chemical components of different parts were compared.A total of 86 volatile oil chemical constituents were identified from the stem and leaf of S. arboricola.In the stems,50 species (46.01%) of volatile oil chemical components were identified,and its relative contents of volatile oil components ranked in the top three were ［1aR-(1aα，4aα,7β, 7aβ,7bα)]-1hydrogen-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methyl-1H-cyclopropyl[e] chamomile-7-ol(5.62%),caryophyllene oxide (5.45%), and piperene (1.98%).Moreover,58 species (60.74%) of volatile oil constituents were identified in the leaves,and the relative contents of volatile oil constituents ranked in the top three were 1a,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7b-octahydro-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-[1aR-(1aα,4α,4aβ,7bα)]-1H-cycloprop[e]azulene(11.79%),cis-β-farnesene (8.80%),and [1aR-(1aα,4aα,7β,7aβ,7bα)] -1hydrogen-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene-1H-cyclopropyl[e] chamomile-7-ol (6.77%).There were 22 common constituents of volatile oil from the stem and leaf parts of S. arboricola,and the main high relative content both was ［1aR-(1aα,4aα,7β,7aβ,7bα)]-1 hydrogen-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene-1H-cyclopropyl[e]chamomile-7-ol (5.62%,6.77%). Therefore, the volatile oils compositions of leaves and stems of S. arboricola has certain differences,and it should be paid attention in clinical application.This study provides a reference for the further medicinal use of S. arboricola.