To analyze the main chemical composition and their differences of Arcae Concha and counterfeit product,and verify the efficacy of chemical composition.Widely targeted metabolomics technology was used to analyze the overall chemical composition of Arcae Concha and counterfeit product,identifying differential chemical compositions by cluster analysis (HCA),principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).The efficacy of differential chemical compositions was verified by cell experiments.A total of 1 208 compounds were identified from the samples,including 22 categories such as amino acids and their metabolites,benzene and its derivatives,and heterocyclic compounds.1 083 common components were identified and 40 compounds in the genuine product but not in the fake product.The results of PCA showed that the different sources of the genuine products could be distinguished,the genuine products and counterfeit product could be distinguished;there were 67 differential metabolites that were significantly up-regulated in the genuine products.The results of cell test showed that N6-Isopentenyladenosine can promote the apoptosis of human thyroid cancer cell line(TPC-1);through inducing S and G2 phase arrest to inhibit proliferationit.N6-Isopentenyladenosine is expected to be a potential quality marker of Arcae Concha.This study provides technical support for quality analysis and control of Arcae Concha.