天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (增刊2): 10-18.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

超临界CO2萃取沉香油工艺优化及其脂肪酸成分分析

沈汝青1，陆麒1，冯志豪2，朱力2，朱宝璋2，谭亮3*，丁志刚1，皮立3，杲秀珍3，丁恺4   

  1. 1海南香岛休闲农业科技发展有限公司，海口 570208；2广州市浩立生物科技有限公司，广州 510220；3中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 中国科学院藏药研究重点实验室 青海省青藏高原特色生物资源研究重点实验室 青海省藏药药理学和安全性评价研究重点实验室，西宁 810001；4青海省草原总站草原保护科，西宁 810000
  • 出版日期:2019-01-18 发布日期:2019-01-18
  • 基金资助:

    海南省重大科技计划（ZDKJ2016004）；青海省重点实验室发展建设专项（2017-ZJ-Y10）；青海省重点实验室专项 (2017-ZJ-Y08）

Optimization of Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Aquilaria agallocha (Lour.) Roxb.Oil and Analysis of Fatty Acid Components

SHEN Ru-qing1,LU Qi1,FENG Zhi-hao2,ZHU Li2,ZHU Bao-zhang2,TAN Liang3*,DING Zhi-gang1,PI Li3,GAO Xiu-zhen3,DING Kai4   

  1. 1Hainan Xiangdao Leisure Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Haikou 570208,China; 2Guang Zhou Hao li Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510220,China; 3Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation,Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resource,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810001,China; 4Administrative offices of prairie protection,Grassland Station of Qinghai,Xining 810000,China
  • Online:2019-01-18 Published:2019-01-18

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摘要： 对超临界CO2萃取沉香油的最佳工艺进行了研究，并对精制精油中脂肪酸进行了含量测定。在单因素试验基础上，以CO2流量、萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间、夹带剂浓度为影响因素，沉香油萃取率为评价指标，通过正交试验考察了上述各因素对沉香油萃取率的影响。再利用分子分离技术对沉香油进一步加工精制以获得沉香精油，最后采用气相色谱法测定沉香精油中脂肪酸的含量测定。试验结果表明影响沉香油萃取率的各因素主次顺序为：CO2流量>萃取压力>萃取温度>夹带剂乙醇浓度>萃取时间，在CO2流量为30 L/h，萃取温度40 ℃，萃取压力20 MPa，萃取时间3 h，加入夹带剂80%乙醇为最佳萃取工艺条件下，沉香油萃取率最高为3.34%。通过分子蒸馏的方式，在蒸馏温度80 ℃，蒸馏压力1 Pa条件下，得到液体沉香精油0.935%。气相色谱分析液体沉香精油中含有36种脂肪酸，其中棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸含量排前三位，其含量总和占总脂肪酸的45%。该萃取方法选择性好、稳定可靠，适用于沉香油的萃取。

关键词: 超临界CO2萃取, 沉香油, 萃取工艺优化, 分子分离技术, 精油, 气相色谱法, 脂肪酸

Abstract: The optimal conditions for extracting oil from Aquilaria agallocha (Lour.) Roxb.with supercritical CO2 were studied.The contents of fatty acids in refined essential oil were determined.On the basis of single factor experimental methods,flow rate of CO2,extraction pressure,extraction temperature,extraction time and concentration of the entrainer on the extraction ratio of raw material oil were studied by orthogonal array design.Then,the obtained essential oil was further refined by molecular separation technology.Finally,the contents of fatty acids in the essential oil were determined by gas chromatography.Experimental results showed that the order of factors affecting extraction ratio of oil from raw material was flow rate of CO2>extraction pressure>extraction temperature>concentration of the entrainer ethanol>extraction time.The highest extraction ratio of 3.34% in raw material oil was obtained with a flow rate of CO2 of 30 L/h,extraction temperature of 40 ℃,extraction pressure of 20 MPa,extraction time of 3 h and concentration of the entrainer of 80% ethanol.After molecular distillation treatment,the content was 0.935% for liquid essential oil under the distillation temperature of 80 ℃ and distillation pressure of 1 Pa.Gas chromatographic analysis revealed that there were thirty-six kinds of fatty acids in liquid essential oil,among which the contents of palmitic acid,oleic acid and linoleic acid ranked in the top three,and their total content accounted for 45% of the total fatty acids.The extraction method has the advantages of good selectivity,stable and reliable,which is suitable for extraction of oil from Aquilaria agallocha (Lour.) Roxb.

Key words: supercritical CO2 extraction;extracting oil of Aquilaria agallocha (Lour.) Roxb., optimization of extraction technology, molecular separation technology, essential oil, gas chromatography, fatty acids

中图分类号:  R284.2 TQ646.4

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