To observe the effect of Qili Shenyu Yixin Formula on the inflammatory reaction,lysosomal function and NLRP3 inflammasome in myocardial infarction (MI) rats.The rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,Qili Shenyu Yixin Formula groups and diltiazem group.After the successful replication of MI model,Qili Shenyu Yixin Formula and diltiazem were given respectively.The normal and model groups were given 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution.After 4 weeks,the hemodynamics,blood ROS,LDH,SOD,GSH-Px,CAT,MDA,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-18,IL-4,IL-10,blood,myocardium and lysosome β-glucuronidase,β-galactosidase, cathepsin B and D cardiac mass index and myocardial infarction volume,myocardium and lysosome were observed;HE staining were used to observe cardiac morphological changes;The real-time PCR was applied to detect the mRNA expressions of TLR4,MyD88 and iNOS in myocardial tissue;The protein expressions of p-IKKβ,p-IκBα,NLRP3,ASC,pro-caspase-1,caspase-1,TXNIP,pro-IL-1β,pro-IL-18 and cytosol and nucleus NF-κBp65 in myocardial tissue were detected by Western blot.The results indicated that Qili Shenyu Yixin Formula could significantly improve cardiac function,reduce cardiac mass index and infarct area,reduce myocardial necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration,decrease blood LDH,ROS,MDA,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-18 and blood,myocardium and lysosome β-glucuronidase,β-galactosidase,cathepsin B and D levels;elevate blood SOD,CAT,GSH-Px,IL-4 and IL-10 levels;down-regulate the TLR4,MyD88,iNOS,COX-2 mRNA expressions,p-IKKβ,p-IκBα,NLRP3,ASC,pro-caspase-1,caspase-1,TXNIP,pro-IL-1β,pro-IL-18,nuclear NF-κBp65 protein expressions and p-IKKβ/IKKβ and p-IκBα/IκBα ratios;up-regulate the cytosol NF-κBp65 protein expression of in the myocardial tissue (P<0.05 or P<0.01,respectively).Qilishenyu Yixin Formula has protective effect on MI rats,which is possibly related to enhancing endogenous antioxidant system function,reducing inflammatory reaction and inhibiting inflammasome activation.