天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 938-948.doi: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2023.6.003

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同产地和品种桑叶游离氨基酸主成分分析及综合评价

陈   爽1,2,3,姚   欢1,袁   林1,3,吴应梅1*,李金金1,阳文武3,刘迪迪1,周   浓1,2*   

  1. 1重庆三峡学院生物与食品工程学院;2三峡库区道地药材绿色种植与深加工重庆市工程实验室,重庆 404120; 3重庆市万州食品药品检验所,重庆 404100
  • 出版日期:2023-06-28 发布日期:2023-06-28
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究计划青年项目(KJQN202201244)

Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation of free amino acids in mulberry leaves from different producing areas and varieties

CHEN Shuang1,2,3,YAO Huan1,YUAN Lin1,3,WU Ying-mei1*,LI Jin-jin1,YANG Wen-wu3,LIU Di-di1,ZHOU Nong1,2*   

  1. 1College of Biology and Food Engineering,Chongqing Three Gorges University; 2Green Planting and Deep Processing of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Chongqing Engineering Laboratory,Chongqing 404120,China; 3Chongqing Wanzhou Food and Drug Inspection Institute,Chongqing 404100,China
  • Online:2023-06-28 Published:2023-06-28

摘要:

研究重庆市3个品种共17种不同产地桑叶水提液中游离氨基酸组成及含量,为本地区桑叶的开发利用提供理论基础。以桑、华桑、鸡桑3个品种不同采样地区的样品为原材料,模拟桑叶茶冲泡方式获得水提液,用HPLC荧光法测定其游离氨基酸含量并计算18种游离氨基酸的味道强度值(taste activity value,TAV),通过相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等方法综合评价不同品种和产地桑叶营养成分和风味特征。研究结果显示,不同品种、不同产地桑叶氨基酸种类无明显差别,但氨基酸含量存在差异,可测得最高总氨基酸、必需氨基酸、半必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸含量分别为1 927.33 mg/100g、322.6 mg/100g、46.17 mg/100g和1 558.56 mg/100g;桑叶氨基酸风味特征表现为甜味氨基酸>鲜味氨基酸>苦味氨基酸;聚类分析将17个样品分为2类,重庆市巴南区安澜镇鸡桑(S15)、华桑(S7)两个品种的氨基酸品质高。综上所述,桑叶中氨基酸含量丰富,具有较高的营养价值,可开发氨基酸类功能性食品。

关键词: 桑叶, 游离氨基酸, 味道强度值, 主成分分析, 聚类分析

Abstract:

To study the composition and content of free amino acids in the water extracts of three varieties from 17 different origins of mulberry leaves in Chongqing,providing theoretical basis for the development and utilization of mulberry leaves in this region.Leaves of Morus alba L.,M. cathayana Hemsl. and M. austalis Poi.from different origins were used as raw materials,the water extract was obtained by simulating mulberry leaf tea brewing method.The content of free amino acids was determined by HPLC fluorescence method and taste activity value (TAV) of 18 kinds of free amino acids was calculated.Then,the nutritional components and flavor characteristics of mulberry leaves were comprehensively evaluated by correlation analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis,etc.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the types of amino acids in mulberry leaves from different varieties and origins,but the content of amino acids were obvious differences.The highest content of total amino acids,essential amino acids,semi-essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids were 1 927.33 mg/100 g,322.6 mg/100 g,46.17 mg/100 g and 1 558.56 mg/100 g,respectively.Moreover,the taste characteristics of amino acids from mulberry leaves were as follows:sweet amino acids > umami amino acids > bitter amino acids.The 17 samples were divided into two categories by cluster analysis and the results showed that the samples of M. austalis Poi.(S15) and M. cathayana Hemsl.(S7) from Anlan Town in Banan District of Chongqing have high quality of amino acids.In summary,mulberry leaves are rich in amino acids and have high nutritional value,which can be used to develop amino acids functional foods.

Key words: mulberry leaf, free amino acids, taste activity value, principal component analysis, cluster analysis

中图分类号:  Q94