This study investigates the flavonoid compounds in the extracts of R. nivale and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.Various chromatographic separation techniques such as silica gel column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography,and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to separate and purify the ethyl acetate extracts of R. nivale.Using NMR,IR,and HR-ESI-MS,eight flavonoid compounds were identified,including a new one,3′,8-dimethoxyquercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside (1),and seven known compounds:morin-3-O-β-L-lyxoside (2),(2R,3R)-taxifolin-3-O-arabinoside (3),epicatechin (4),(-)-epigallocatechin (5),(-)-catechin (6),dihydromyricetin (7),dihydroquercetin (8).Their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were measured using a H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage model and a lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production model,respectively.Compounds 2,4 and 8 increased the viability of H₂O₂-damaged SH-SY5Y cells from (44.0±2.3)% to (80.6±0.4)%,(78.4±1.6)% and (81.9±1.7)%,respectively.Compound 8 also exhibited anti-inflammatory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 37.7 μmol/L.These results demonstrate that the flavonoid compounds in R. nivale have potential as lead compounds for developing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.