天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (6): 804-.doi: A

• 开发研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

千年桐种子油提取工艺研究及其主要脂肪酸成分分析

薛宝金1,2,郭 峰1,方 真1*   

  1. 1中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园生物能源组,昆明 650223;2中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2011-05-16 出版日期:2012-07-04 发布日期:2012-07-06
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KSCX2-YW-G-075),国家自然科学基金资助项目(21076220)

Extraction of Aleurites montana Seed Oil and Analysis of Its Fatty Acids

XUE Bao-jin1,2, GUO Feng1, FANG Zhen1*   

  1. 1Biomass Group, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223; 2Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
  • Received:2011-05-16 Online:2012-07-04 Published:2012-07-06

摘要: 本文以氯仿、石油醚和正己烷-异丙醇(3:2)三种不同溶剂对千年桐种子油进行提取,比较了不同溶剂对种子出油率的影响,结果表明以氯仿为溶剂时出油率最高,达到了35%;并讨论了提取时间和提取溶剂体积对出油率的影响。最终优化的提取工艺为:以氯仿为溶剂,液料比为12:1 (v/w),提取时间6 h,出油率达到了37%。提取的种子油经转酯化后,GC-MS分析其主要脂肪酸组分,结果表明千年桐种子油中总脂肪酸占总油酯的90.55%,其中棕榈酸3.87%,硬脂酸4.11%,亚油酸12.15%,油酸13.31%,亚麻酸12.09%,共轭亚麻酸51.20%和EPA(二十碳五烯酸)3.30%。千年桐种子油中富含不饱和脂肪酸,是一种良好的干性油。

关键词: 千年桐, 萃取工艺, 转酯化, 脂肪酸, GC-MS

Abstract: Aleurites montana oil was extracted using three different solvents of chloroform, petroleum ether, and hexane-isopropanol (3:2). The results showed chloroform was the most efficient solvent. The effects of extraction time and solvent volume on the seed oil yield were studied. The maximum oil yield (37%) was achieved with a ratio 12:1 (v/w) of chloroform to seed kernel for 6 h extraction time. After transesterification of the seed oil, its major fatty acid composition was analyzed by GC-MS. The total fatty acids content was up to 90.55%, including 3.87% palmitic acid, 4.11% stearic acid, 12.15% linoleic acid, 13.31% oleic acid, 12.09% linolenic acid, 51.20% conjugated linolenic acid, and 3.30% EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid). Aleurites montana oil was an excellent drying oil that is rich in unsaturated fatty acids.

Key words: Aleurites montana, extraction technology, transesterification, fatty acid, GC-MS

中图分类号: 

TQ646 R284.1 Q946.91