天然产物研究与开发 ›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8): 1501-1509.doi: 10.16333/j.1001-6880.2015.08.031

• 综述 • 上一篇    

天然植物多糖分离纯化技术研究现状和进展

邹胜1,2,徐溢1,2,3*,张庆1,2   

  1. 1 重庆大学化学化工学院;2  新型微纳器件与系统技术国防重点学科实验室;3 微纳系统及新材料技术国际研发中心,重庆 400030
  • 出版日期:2015-08-29 发布日期:2015-09-01

Review on Extraction and Purification Technology of Polysaccharides from Natural Plants

ZOU Sheng1,2, XU Yi1,2,3*, ZHANG Qing1,2   

  1. 1 Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College,Chongqing University; 2 Defense Key Disciplines Lab of Novel Micro-nano Devices and System Technology;3 International R & D center of Micro-nano Systems and New Materials Technology,Chongqing 400030,China
  • Online:2015-08-29 Published:2015-09-01

摘要: 植物多糖因具有抗肿瘤、增强免疫、抗氧化等功效而备受关注,多糖的分离纯化是多糖结构和生物活性研究的首要前提。本文系统介绍了传统的水提醇沉法以及酶提取法、超声波辅助提取法、超临界流体萃取法、超高压提取技术微波辅助提取法和双水相萃取等新技术,对其分离原理、处理方式和效果进行分析比较和综述;从物理分离方式、分子间作用力及化学性质分离的角度,综述植物粗多糖分离和纯化方法及途径,为天然植物中多糖的分离纯化和综合利用提供参考。

关键词: 天然植物, 多糖, 提取, 纯化

Abstract: Increasing attentions have been paid to the natural polysaccharides because of their numerous bioactivities,such as anti-tumor,enhance immunity and antioxidant.The isolation and purification were the primary process for the further study on the structure and bioactivity of natural polysaccharides.In this paper,the isolation of natural polysaccharides in ways of traditional hot water extraction,enzymatic extraction,ultrasonic assisted extraction,supercritical fluid extraction,ultrahigh pressure extraction technology,microwave assisted extraction and aqueous two-phase extraction were comprehensively introduced.In addition,the further separation and purification methods were also reviewed based on mechanism of the purify process,including physical separation,intermolecular force and chemical purification.It provided foundational and valuable reference information for further investigation and efficient utilization of natural polysaccharides.

Key words: natural plants, polysaccharides, extraction, purification

中图分类号: 

R931.71