The inflammation macrophages (RAW 264.7) model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with nitric oxide (NO) release as an index was established to investigate the anti-inflammatory components in different varieties of Tuniuxi and column chromatography was used to isolate the active compounds from Achyranthes aspera Linnacus methanol extract.The chemical structures of the active components were deduced based on the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) data analysis and comparing with reference substances.The methanol extracts of A. aspera showed the best anti-inflammatory effect,furthermore,its 50%,70% and 100% methanol elutes featured low cytotoxicity and high anti-inflammatory activity.Nine pure compounds isolated from the 50% and 70% methanol elutes were identified as β-ecdysterone (1),inokosterone (2),polypodine B (3),N-trans-feruloyl-tyramine (4),N-cis-feruloyl-tyramine (5),N-cis-feruloyl-3-methoxytyramine (6),N-trans-feruloyl-3-methoxytyramine (7),chikusetsusaponin IVa (8),5,2′-dimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)-7-hydroxy-isoflavonol (10),meanwhile,oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (9) was elucidated as the main component in its 100% methanol elute.At the concentration of LPS + 25 μM,the anti-inflammatory activity order was 4 > 1 > 5 > 2 > 6 > 9 > 10 > 3 > 7 > 8.The β-ecdysterone content in the underground rhizomes of wild A. bidentata Blume and A. longifolia (Makino) Makino changed obviously with seasons and reached the highest level in August at 0.914±0.016 and 1.412±0.038 mg/g,respectively.However,there is no obvious seasonal variation observed in the A. aspera.Moreover,feruloyl tyramine alkaloids with anti-inflammatory activity were firstly reported from A. aspera in this research.