The UHPLC fingerprints and chemical pattern recognition were studied to evaluate the quality of Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis(URCU).The chromatographic separation was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T₃ column (2.1 mm × 100 mm,1.8 μm).Acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid solution was used as mobile phase with gradient elution.The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm,the flow rate was 0.3 mL/min,the injection volume was 2 μL,and the column temperature was 30 ℃.The chemical pattern recognition of similarity evaluation,cluster analysis,principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares analysis were used to analyze and evaluate the quality of URCU.The established URCU UHPLC fingerprint identified 15 common peaks and 7 common peaks could be identified using standards,including chlorogenic acid, isomitraphylline, isorhynchophylline,rhynchophylline, geissoschizine methylether,hirsuteine and hirsutine.The results about the chemical pattern recognition showed that the similarities of those fingerprints were between 0.850 and 0.995.Furthermore,the quality difference of those URCU was mainly caused by 5 common peaks according to the results of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.In conclusion,the fingerprints combined with chemical pattern recognition provide a simple and accurate analytical method for the quality evaluation of URCU.