To observe the effect of Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu decoction on lymphangiogenesis in the contralateral kidney of UUO rats.Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (Sham),unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) group,eplerenone treated group (EPL) and Chinese decoction treated group (TCM) (n=10).Except for the sham operation group,the other rats were established by unilateral ureteral ligation.Ten days after the operation,contralateral kidney of the UUO rat have harvested.The histopathology was observed by HE and Masson staining.The expression of NCC,VEGF-C,VEGFR-3,LYVE-1,PDPN,α-SMA and Vimentin were detected with immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence.The expression of NCC,VEGF-C,VEGFR-3 and α-SMA in renal tissue have detected with Western blot.The renal histopathological change showed that the infiltrated inflammatory cells increased in tubular interstitium in UUO rats and accompanied with focal collagen deposition.Overexpression of NCC and VEGF-C showed in UUO rats.The expression of lymphangiogenesis markers (LYVE-1,VEGFR-3 and PDPN) was enhanced and co-expressed with the myofibroblast markers(α-SMA and Vimentin);Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu decoction can inhibit the expression of NCC,lymphangiogenesis and phenotypic transformation.These results suggest Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu decoction could inhibit the lymphangiogenesis and phenotypic transformation in the contralateral kidney of UUO rats,and prolong the progression of renal fibrosis by regulating VEGF pathway.