Network pharmacology and bioinformatics techniques were used to analyze the mechanisms of seven classic prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome types from The Expert Consensus on Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis (2017) for treating ulcerative colitis (UC) to screen common and special important components,targets,and pathways in UC treatment.The important targets of UC with spleen and kidney Yang deficiency (SKYD-UC) were verified experimentally.Four common important components,42 common important targets,30 special important components,and 14 special important targets were screened from seven classic prescriptions for treating UC by network pharmacology.According to KEGG pathway analysis,common important targets mainly involved inflammation and disease-related pathways.The special pathways mainly involved disease-related pathways (such as Alzheimer′s disease) and inflammatory-related pathways (such as HIF-1 and T cell receptors).AutoDock Vina was employed for the molecular docking verification of important components and targets.Animal models of SKYD-UC were established by "diet deficiency + excess fatigue + senna leaf gavage + dextran sulfate sodium".Fuzi-Lizhong pill suspension (1.2 g/kg) was given for 21 days,and ELISA was carried out to verify the important targets.In animal experiments,compared with the SKYD-UC group,the Fuzi-Lizhong pill group can effectively reduce tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in the SKYD-UC rats (P＜0.001).The common mechanism of the seven classic prescriptions for treating UC may be regulating immunity,eliminating inflammation,regulating apoptosis,anti-cancer,etc.Fuzi-Lizhong pill can regulate important targets such as TNF-α and IL-6 and participates in the treatment of SKYD-UC rats,where the mechanism may be related to the regulation of T cell receptors and other pathways.At the same time,β-sitosterol,stigmasterol,betulinic acid,kaempferol,and other important components may be involved in treating different TCM syndromes of UC.This provides a reference for the potential drug discovery and clinical precision treatment of UC with different TCM syndromes as well as for the potential specific evaluation index of UC syndrome differentiation.