This study aimed to fully utilize the resources of Moutan Cortex,40%,70% and 95% ethanol solutions were used to extract the active components of Moutan Cortex by ultrasound,and 40%,70% and 95% ethanol extracts (MC₄₀,MC₇₀ and MC₉₅) were obtained,respectively.The contents of total phenols and total flavonoids,as well as the antioxidant capacity and anti-diabetic activity in vitro of the three extracts were compared.Finally,the zebrafish model in vivo was used to evaluate the hypoglycemic and peripheral motor neuroprotective activities of the extracts.The results show that MC₇₀ had the highest content of total phenol (59.17 mg GAE/g,gallic acid equivalent) and total flavone (82.59 mg QUE/g,quercetin equivalent).Meanwhile,MC₇₀ exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity,with IC₅₀ values of 34.20 μg/mL and 16.30 μg/m for DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging capacities,respectively,and MC₄₀ showed the weakest antioxidant activity.In addition,MC₉₅ exhibited the highest inhibition rate of glycosylation (95.92%),followed by MC₇₀ (81.44%).The experimental results of the hyperglycemic zebrafish model showed that MC₇₀ treatment resulted in a 52% decrease in blood glucose levels and a 56% reduction in peripheral motor nerve injury,compared with the model group.The results suggest that 70% ethanol was the suitable solvent for extracting antioxidant and hypoglycemic components from Moutan Cortex,and the extract has good antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential,providing a theoretical basis for the subsequent high-value utilization of the peel.