Abstract: Rotavirus is an important cause of gastroenteritis in children and a member of the segmented double-stranded RNA virus family of reovirus family,encoding at least two direct antagonists of host innate immunity:NSP1 and VP3.NSP1 is a putative E3 ubiquitin ligase,which mediates the degradation of cytokines involved in IFN induction and downstream signal transduction.VP3 is a capping enzyme of the virus.It uses a 2H-phosphodiesterase domain to prevent the activation of intracellular oligoadenylate synthase/ribonuclease L pathway.Computational,molecular and biochemical studies have revealed that the innate immune antagonism of NSP1 and VP3 provides an important structural and mechanism basis.

Key words: rotavirus, NSP1, VP3, immune antagonism