The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and significance of testicular specific expression gene-1 (TSEG-1) in testicular injury mice induced by Kunming Shanhaitang tablet.CD-1 mice were treated with Kunming Shanhaitang tablet for 6 months to establish a testicular injury model.The testicular injury was observed by HE staining,the content of serum testosterone was detected by ELISA,the expression of caspase-3 in testicular tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expression of TSEG-1 in testicular tissue was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The results showed that Kunming Shanhaitang tablet could significantly reduce the testicular weight,and the ratio index of visceral body and visceral brain in CD-1 mice.Pathological examination showed that a few convoluted seminiferous tubules were atrophied and spermatogenic epithelial cells were reduced or disappeared.Serum testosterone content had no effect.Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of caspase-3 was significantly increased.The relative expression of TSEG-1 was increased.The results indicated that Kunming Shanhaitang tablet could induce testis damage,TSEG-1 overexpression and increase the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in CD-1 mice.The mechanism of its toxicity may inhibit spermatogenesis by regulating testicular spermatocyte.