The essential oil from the roots,leaves,flowers and green fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla were extracted by steam distillation and the chemical compositions were analyzed by GC/MS.Four essential oil were tested for the toxic activities against Aedes albopictus by using drug solution culture method and tarsal contact method.The results indicated the chemical composition of essential oils from different parts of A. oxyphylla were significantly different from each other.And comparing the results of the toxic activity of four essential oils against Ae. albopictus,the essential oil from roots showed the highest larvicidal activity with LC₅₀ values of 40.101 ppm,and the essential oil from leaves showed the highest adulticidal activity with LD₅₀ values of 13.04 μg/cm2.The results of this study revealed the chemical compositions of essential oil from different parts of A. oxyphylla,and provided the theoretical basis that the essential oil of A. oxyphylla have the potential to be developed into a novel insecticide against Ae. albopictus.