In this study,the root of Anisodus tanguticus (Maxim.) Pascher was used as the experimental material and the content of total alkaloids was considered as the detection index.The optimum extraction conditions of total alkaloids in A. tanguticus roots were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM).The optimum extraction conditions were:liquid-solid ratio of 61∶1,ethanol concentration of 78%，extraction temperature of 80 ℃,extraction times of 2,and extraction time of 2 h,with a theoretical total alkaloid content of 1.687%.According to the optimal extraction process conditions,the total alkaloids from the roots,seeds and above-ground parts of Anisodus henryi were extracted,and the total alkaloid contents were (1.639 ± 0.033)%,(0.950 ± 0.019)% and (0.852 ± 0.031)%,respectively.By detecting the effect of anisodus alkaloids on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) in mouse peritoneal macrophages (RAW 264.7),biological extracts of 20-80 μg/mL roots and arcialL parts were found it can significantly inhibit the production of NO in RAW 264.7 cells with a dose-dependent effect.This study provides theoretical guidance for the industrial production of the extraction and separation of alkaloids from A. tanguticus  medicinal materials,provides data support for clarifying the anti-inflammatory effects of A. tanguticus,and provides a basis for the development and utilization of A. tanguticus.