This study aims to investigate the chemical constituents and antitussive mechanism of Chuanbei Pipa syrup (CPS).For the first time,the antitussive effect of CPS was verified using the mouse acute cough model,and the release levels of related inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA.Subsequently,the chemical components of CPS were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS to explore its antitussive mechanism combined with network pharmacology.By constructing a "cough-drug-core target" network,protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of core targets,and performing gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis on the intersection targets of drugs and diseases,potential targets and signaling pathways for the treatment of cough diseases by CPS were screened.The mouse acute cough model tests showed a significant antitussive effect of the syrup.It was also found to affect the release of respiratory pro-inflammatory factors interleukin-10 and interleukin-17A.Based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap-MS) and headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS),a total of 33 chemical components were identified in CPS.A total of 152 core targets were selected to construct the cough-drug-core target network and core target PPI network.The GO enrichment analysis revealed activities such as endopeptidase activity,protein serine/threonine kinase activity,and transmembrane receptor protein kinase activity,while the KEGG enrichment analysis showed the MAPK signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,and regulation of inflammatory mediators on TRP channels.