The non-volatile components in Caryophylli Flos mainly include flavonoids and their glycosides,tannins,triterpenes,etc.The pharmacological activity studies have shown that non-volatile components of Caryophylli Flos have antioxidant,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,hypoglycemic,anti-tumor,enhance immunity,anti-epilepsy,regulate kidney and reproductive functions,anti-virus,prevent and control obesity,etc.This article reviews the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of non-volatile substances of Caryophylli Flos,in order to provide a basis for the in-depth research,development and utilization of Caryophylli Flos.