To investigate the chemical components of Resina Draconis and evaluate their hypoglycemic activities,six compounds,3-methyl resveratrol (1),dracaenin A (2),7-hydroxy-3-(4′-methoxybenzyl)-4-chromanone (3),diosgenin-3-O-α-L-pyranorhamnosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (4),(22E)-3β-acetoxystigmasta-5,22-diene (5) and nonadecyl alcohol (6) were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of Resina Draconis by chromatographic techniques including column chromatography of silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,Rp-C₁₈ and HPLC.Their structures were mainly elucidated by NMR and MS spectroscopic techniques.Compound 4 was isolated from the Resina Draconis for the first time.Four subfractions of the n-butanol fraction of Resina Draconis and 6 compounds were tested for their inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase,compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values of 14.62 ± 0.083 and 16.03 ± 0.076 μM,respectively.The inhibitory activity of compound 2 on α-glucosidase was reported for the first time.