The Black Rose Fruit Maize variety (Black and sweet maize No.8) is used as the material.The anthocyanin accumulation characteristics,stability and biological activity were analyzed by spectrophotometry and tetrazolium salt colorimetry assay.The results showed that the content of anthocyanin at 27 th and 33th day after pollination was higher than that at day 21,and the content of anthocyanin in maize kernel was much higher than other tissues;the content of anthocyanin extracted by lyophilization treatment of Black Rose Fruit Maize kernels was higher than baking and boiling.Temperature,pH and redox agent have an influence on the stability of anthocyanins.The anthocyanin extract from the leaf,stem,core and shell can inhibit the proliferation of human B lymphoma cell line OCI-LY10 and human acute lymphoblastic monocytic leukemia MV4-11,and the IC₅₀ was 144.2,82.8,123.8,95.6 μg/mL and 58.8,12.6,43.0,49.4 μg/mL.