To study the steroidal alkaloids of the roots and rhizomes of Veratrum grandiflorum Loes. and their activities of promoting lysosomal biosynthesis.The methanol extracts from the roots of V. grandiflorum were separated by column chromatography,reversed-phase chromatography and gel chromatography.The structures of the isolated alkaloids were identified by the physical and chemical properties,UHPLC-MS/MS,NMR and other spectroscopic techniques.The activities of lysosome biosynthesis were preliminarily screened by Red DND-99 lysosome red fluorescence probe.Eight steroidal alkaloids were isolated and their structures were identified as veratramine (1),solasodine (2),epirubijervine (3),jervine (4),3-acetyl-15-methylbutyroylgermine (5),isorubijervine (6),23-methoxy-cyclopamine (7) and rubijervone-12 (8).23-Methoxy-cyclopamine (7) and rubijervone-12 (8) were isolated from this plant for the first time.Compound 6 promoted lysosome biosynthesis obviously;Lysosomes are very important for maintaining the homeostasis of the nervous system and are closely related to neurodegenerative diseases.To explore the effect of steroid alkaloids on the lysosome biosynthesis,and will provide lead compounds for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.