Seven compounds were isolated and purified from the ethyl acetate extract of endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum S108 of Dongxiang wild rice by various chromatographic techniques.The compounds were identified as dioctyl phthalate (1),6-hydroxymellein (2),chaetomugilin D(3),chaetomugilin S(4),chaetoviridin A(5),chaetoglobosin A (6),6-O-demethyl-5-deoxyfusarubin(7) by ESI-MS,NMR and other spectroscopic analysis techniques.Compounds 2 and 7 were reported from genusChaetomium for the first time.The antitumor activities of the isolated compounds were tested by CCK-8 assay.The results showed that compound 2 could seriously inhibit the proliferation of melanoma B16 cell line for the first time,with IC₅₀ value of 2.24 μmol/L.