The chemical composition differences and classification basis of different origins of Meconopsis was analysis.Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-four-stage rod-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was used to detect a total of 49 batches ofMeconopsis horridula Hook.f.& Thoms,Meconopsis racemose Maxim.,Meconopsis quintuplinervia Regel,Meconopsis integrifolia(Maxim).French.and Meconopsis punicea Maxim.The positive and negative ion scanning modes of the ESI source were used to collect information,and the data results were imported into the PeakView 1.2 software.Formula Finder,Mass Calculators,XIC Manager and other functions and secondary fragment cracking rules were used for qualitative analysis,and the qualitative results were used to establish a screening table of known components.Then,the data were substituted into SIMCA-P 14.1 software for visual processing,and the mathematical models of principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discrimination-analysis (PLS-DA) were constructed.The results indicate that a total of 75 chemical compositions were detected and analyzed.The PCA and PLS-DA showed that,from the perspective of the chemical components contained in M. horridula and M. racemosewere basically the same and could gather well,while the chemical components contained in the other Meconopsis of three origins were quite different.In this study,according to the existing literature reports,the chemical components of Meconopsis were summarized,and the chemical components in each sample were speculated and compared combined with the regular of mass spectrometry cleavage,and lays a foundation for the classification and identification ofMeconopsis species.