Based on the background of big data,through the integration analysis of several testing indexes,an integrated evaluation method of quality evaluation and a grade identification system of the roots of Bupleurum chinense DC.(BCD) were developed.Collected the test data of 130 batches of the roots of BCD detected by the 2015 edition of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" in the random inspection samples of our center from 2015 to 2020.The near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology were collected the spectra corresponding to each batch of samples.The pattern recognition technology was used to establish a fast traceability analysis model of samples,and developed to establish fitting model between the NIRS and the content with detection index of samples respectively.Carry out the system detection of multiple batches of the roots of BCD samples.The mathematical modeling method was used to construct the calculation method of the quality comprehensive evaluation index factor (F_q), and established the comprehensive evaluation and grade division database of medicinal materials.The novel rapid qualitative analysis the roots of BCD identification model were established.The NIRS model of 6 indexes including water,total ash,acid-insoluble ash,extract,the total amount of saikosaponins a and d,and the proportion of stem of BCD were established,and then applied to detect of 20 of batches of the roots of BCD samples.Established a database for rapid quality evaluation and grade division of the roots of BCD samples.This method is based on the background of big data and uses the original data generated by the current "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" supervision system to realize the rapid comprehensive evaluation and grading of the quality of the roots of BCD samples,and provides a new solution for the scientific supervision and research of Chinese herbal medicine.