HPLC method was used to establish the characteristic chromatogram of Hirudo and the contents of 5 components were determined,which provides a basis for quality evaluation of different origins Hirudo and its adulterants.The Chinese medicine chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system (2012 version) was used to analyze the results of the characteristic chromatogram.The results showed that there were eight common peaks in 27 batches of Whitmania pigra Whitman and five peaks were identified by comparison with reference substances,respectively,which were uracil,hypoxanthine,xanthine,hirudine C carboxyl derivatives and hirudine B.The SIMCA-P 14.0 software were used for cluster analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) that both of them can distinguish Hirudo of different origins and its adulterants into four different classes.In addition,the content determination results showed that there were some differences in the content of Hirudo with different origins and its adulterants.The average content of uracil and hypoxanthine was in the order of Whitmania pigra Whitman＞Hirudo nipponica Whitman＞Whitmania acranulata Whitman＞Poecilobdella manillensis Lesson;the average content of xanthine was in the order of Whitmania pigra Whitman＞Hirudo nipponica Whitman＞Poecilobdella manillensis Lesson＞Whitmania acranulata Whitman;the average content of hirudine C carboxyl derivatives was in the order of  Whitmania acranulata Whitman＞Whitmania pigra Whitman＞Hirudo nipponica Whitman＞Poecilobdella manillensis Lesson;the average content of hirudine B was in order of Whitmania acranulata Whitman＞Whitmania pigra Whitman＞Hirudo nipponica Whitman＞Poecilobdella manillensis Lesson.The method established in this study can be used as a quality evaluation method for Hirudo with different origins and its adulterants,and provide a reference for the quality evaluation of Whitmania pigra Whitman.