There are 15 towns and two streets in Yangchun city of Guangdong province which is the genuine producing area of Amomum villosum.In order to select high-yield and high-quality germplasm of A. villosum,28 A. villosum germplasms were collected from different producing areas in Yangchun City.The contents of volatile oil,bornyl acetate and chemical components of A. villosum fruit in each producing area were detected,and the germplasm resources were evaluated combining with the yield of A. villosum.The results showed that there were significant differences in yield per mu,the contents of volatile oil and bornyl acetate.A comparison of the yields of 28 A. villosum germplasm,the yields of the germplasms of XAC,XBW,XBC,XBI,XAB,XBH,XBA,XBR,XBK,XAM,XBG,XAF,XBX,XBO and XAP were greater than 40 kg per 666.67 m2,which are much higher than the average yield of A. villosum in Yangchun City,so the germplasms are defined as high-yield germplasm.The essential oil and bornyl acetate contents of the germplasms of XBR,XBC,XAP,XAN,XBF,XBM,XBD,XBH,XAL,XAU,XBE,XBV and XBG exceeded 3.50% and 2.20% respectively,which are much higher than the limit values of Pharmacopoeia of the People′s Republic of China (2020 Edition).All of 28 germplasms of A. villosum were clustered into 4 categories by analyzing the chemical components in the volatile oil of A. villosum fruits.Conclusion:there are differences in the quality of A. villosum from different places of Yangchun City.The germplasms of XBC,XBH,XBR,XBG and XAP can be the candidates of high-yielding and high-quality of A. villosum basing on their high yield exceeding 40 kg per 666.67 m²,the high essential oil content exceeding 3.50% and the high bornyl acetate content exceeding 2.20%.