To investigates the mechanism of ferulaldehyde,a phenylpropanoid compound isolated from Valeriana jatamansi Jones and Paeoniae Rubra Radix,against influenza A virus.Through experiments such as dosing time point,immunofluorescence,red blood cell agglutination,and neuraminidase activity detection,it was found that feruladehyde mainly affected the replication and release of influenza virus,interfering with the life cycle of the virus,thereby exerting its anti-influenza virus activity.Molecular docking simulation confirmed that NP and NA might be the targets of the compound anti-influenza virus.In addition,the compound significantly inhibited the expression of macrophage inflammation-associated proteins iNOS and COX-2 and chemokine IP-10 induced by influenza virus.In conclusion,the compound ferulaldehyde might exert anti-influenza effects by directly inhibiting influenza virus replication and release and by affecting the function of immune cells.