Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold is considered as the wing-like appendage or wing-like branch,which was first recorded in the Shennong′s Herbal Classic,is classified as a middle-grade herb with the effects of promoting blood circulation,dispelling blood stasis,killing parasites,and relieving pain.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that it has pharmacological effects such as lowering blood glucose,anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,antibacterial,antioxidant,and antiviral effects,and its active ingredients are rich,and most of the current studies are focused on the flavonoid and terpenoid compounds.This article provides a comprehensive review of the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,toxicity,and other aspects of E. alatus.Based on the plant′s phylogenetic relationship,the effectiveness of its chemical components,and the detectability of its chemical composition,speculations and analyses are made on the potential quality markers (Q-Marker) of E. alatus.It is preliminarily predicted that components such as rutin,quercetin,hesperidin,catechins,β-sitosterol,euonymuditerpene A,11-keto-β-boswellic acid,etc.can be potential quality markers of E. alatus.This review aims to provide scientific evidence for the quality control and standardized clinical use of E. alatus.