Chaenomeles sinensis,a plant of Rosaceae Juss.,is indigenous to China and is abundant in natural resources.The fruit of this plant is used as a folk herbal medicine customarily used in certain regions in China such as Hunan,Sichuan,and Shandong provinces,and is recorded in their local standards for Chinese Materia Medica.This herb is reported to contain plenty of flavonoids,triterpenoids,and lignans,and possesses various activities such as anti-oxidative,anti-bacterial,anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,anti-Alzheimer′s disease,and anti-viral activities.This paper focuses on the research advance of this herb on chemical constituents,pharmacological and biological activities through a systematic literature research,which facilitates the deep development and utilization of C. sinensis.