Abstract: Natural compounds derived from microbial secondary metabolites were an important source of drug or drug leads.But a large number of metabolic pathways of microorganisms were not expressed during the traditional single microbial culture mode and it greatly limited the quantity and quality of secondary metabolites.The method caused great waste of microbial resources.One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC) approach was an important mean to deal with the crisis of resources depletion of natural products.Different functional gene clusters could be activated by OSMAC approach including common research methods and new research ideas.The research methods,such as the change in the medium composition,culture conditions and enzyme inhibitors adding,as well as new research ideas of the mixed culture and gene scanning technology were described in this article.The application of OSMAC approach in Aspergillus fumigatus was reviewed by our research and literatures.33 new compounds were discovered from the secondary metabolites,which was far more than traditional approach.

Key words: one strain-many compounds, Aspergillus fumigatus;secondary metabolites;genetic expression